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Adarsh Kumar , S. S. Jain

Abstract

One of the activities of National Bamboo Mission (NBM-India) involves the production of bamboo planting stocks and raising plantations not only to overcome the shortage of bamboos in the country but also to promote the export of bamboo products. The plantation activities involve safe transportation of bamboo planting stocks from nurseries to planting sites. Their safe transportation from nursery to field planting site is as vital as production of field plantable bamboo saplings in the nurseries. It is absolutely essential that the saplings reach the destination in undamaged and uninjured condition. This is one of the most practical and applied aspect of the plantation technology. The bamboo seedlings/saplings need proper protection against high ambient temperature, gusty wind and mechanical vibrations due to speed of the truck (carrying field planting stocks) during transit. The trucks need to have double layered tarpaulin roofing to protect the planting stocks from heat of the sun; proper ventilation for the respiration by the planting stocks and also to prevent the accumulation of carbon di oxide besides protecting the saplings from the gusty wind. Proper care for the planting stock is also utmost requirement, to maintain sufficient moisture for the plants to maintain uptake of nutrients, during transit. The practice adopted at Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehra Dun under Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE), Dehra Dun has been described.

Keywords

Sympodial Bamboos, Field Planting Stock, Saplings, Safe Transportation

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S.A.S. Biswas , S. S. Jain , Mohinder Pal

Abstract

South-East Asia, Africa, Latin America and Eastern Europe provide nearly 90 per cent of raw materials for medicinal exploitation. It is revealed that there are actually 121 plants tliat yielded prescription drugs as a result of the study on 35,000 species of plants. About 5,000 species world over are considered to have been examined throughly for the active principles. Only 41 species generate commercial sales to the tune of US$ 40 billion per year with nonformulation drugs as adjuncts claiming nearly US$ 60 billion. The Indian region endowed with nearly 20,000 species of plants highlight 75 major species of medicinal flora, out of which at least 25 were most sought after during the last decade. Nearly 3600 species of documented medicinal flora 540 find major use as herbal drugs (about 200 of these are used in bulk quantities and are of commercial potential). The families of plants such as Apocynaceae, Celastraceae, Compositae (Asteraceae), Simaroubaceae, Rutaceae, Thymelaeaceae, Magnoliaceae, Annonaceae, Boraginaceae, Leguminosae (Fabaceae), Liliaceae, Rubiaceae, Gymnosperms (Cephalotaxaceae) have anti-cancer drug yielding species. The paper provides botanical-cumphytogeographical regions of the country with specific elements of medicinal flora. The need for categorizing the rare and threatened medicinal and aromatic flora as per IUCN Red Data enlisting norms has been emphasized in the paper. Research need and priorities targeting different activities on the aspects of (i) Inventorization and Characterization, (ii) Monitoring and Assessment, (iii) Ex-situ Conservation, (iv) In-situ Conservation and (v) Utilization have been outlined in the paper.

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S. S. Jain , Mohinder Pal

Abstract

No abstract

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S. S. Jain , R. C. Gaur

Abstract

Forests on northern and southern aspects at Siahi Devi hill of West Almora Division in Kumaun Himalayas were quantitatively analysed. Three forest types, viz. Pinus roxburghii at hill base (1,250-1,500 m), mixed oak-pine at higher altitude (1.750 m) and Quercus leucotrichophora at hill top (2.000-2.200 m) were recognized on northern aspect. Forests on southern aspect were categorized only into two types. Viz. P. roxburghii upto 2,000 m and mixed oak-pine at hill top (2,200 m). The composition of tree layer among the forests differed markedly on northern aspect whereas it was considerably similar on southern aspect. Shrub layer indicated dissimilarity among forests on both the aspects. Tree species richness and diversity were maximum in Q. leucotrichophora forest on northern aspect and in oak-pine forest on southern aspect. Concentration of dominance showed an inverse relation with diversity Q. leucotrichophora indicated fair regeneration potential in the studied forest sites. P. roxburghii exhibited faster regeneration than Q. leucotrichophora and it may expand replacing the latter tree Species.

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J. Bhattacharjer ¹, Fareeduddin ¹, S. S. Jain ¹

Affiliations
1 Geological Survey of India, Jhalana Dungri, Jaipur, IN

Abstract

The Scwariya granite, 'largest of the Erinpura granite intrusions' occurs along the western margin of the Middle-Late Proterozoic Soulh Delhi Fold Bell. Synkincmalic with the Delhi orogeny, the granite body intrudes a rifled back arc type basin (Barotiya Formation) and hosts W ± Sn ± Li mincralization in pneumatolytic quartz veins. Innumcrable metasedimentary enclaves occur which are traversed by syn-to post-tectonic ductile shear zones. Geochemistry of Ihe granite suggests it to be a well differntiated, calc-alkliline, S-typc metallogcnetically specialised orogenic massif. The nature of the granite and the host supracrustals and Ihe tectonic discriminant diagrams indicate that it may have evoled in an arc-related environment. W ± Sn ± Li mineralization in this granite, Pb-Zn-Cu and Zn-Cu mineralization in the contiguous units of Barotiya and Sendra formations respectively suggests a conspicuous metallogenic zoning.

The Sewariya granite forms a central link to the major Sn-W hosted granite rocks in Rajasthan Haryana sector that lie along a 500 km long NNE-SSW trending lineament. Although associated with felsic plutonic suites of contrasting geotectonic environments, W -Sn mineralizalion along this belt defines a single metallogenic province, a large part of which is unexplored.

Keywords

Tectonics, Geochemistry, Economic Geology, Tungsten, Rajasthan.

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J. Neethu ¹, Prajakta Shaha ¹, Veena Doss ¹, S. S. Jain ²

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Civil Engineering, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, IN
2 Dept. of Applied Sciences, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Small spills of oils and similar liquid hydrocarbons (such as lubricating oils, fuel oils, cooking oils, and radiator coolants) occur from time to time in workshops, industrial processes, domestic and farming activities. Such spills are sometimes collected using sand, sawdust, ‘kitty litter’ and similar materials which have limited absorbent capacity, low biodegradability and perform poorly if they become wet, often releasing much of the absorbed pollutants. They also leach downward and contaminate the groundwater if disposed onto soil surface. Recently, specialized biogenic products have been developed which provide a greater absorption and retention capacity than conventional granular materials. These natural based absorbent materials are preferred due to their non-toxicity, excellent biodegradability and nonflammability. Agro-industrial residues are also being used by researchers to produce a new absorbent product which is able to remove toxic elements. The biogenic modified silica produced in aqueous media from rice husk ash has shown excellent sorption. The experimental studies were carried out to study the leaching characteristics at various depths of the soil layers, time intervals and variation in oil- biogenic silica compositions on its sorbent capacity. Also the effect of the oil-laden silica on soil properties was also evaluated. A comparison of these effects with oil-laden sawdust was also carried out.

Keywords

Biogenic Silica, Absorption, Waste Lubricating Oil, Oil-Laden Silica.

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